Newer technology like laser-scanning can also be used to replicate elements in modern alternative materials. For run cornices and moldings, a sheet metal template can be made from the existing to run new units for replacement. Replacing elements requires making molds that can be taken from existing ornamentation and used to recast new elements. Base plaster based on natural hydraulic lime for indoor use, especially for objects relevant to monument preservation. Ornamental plaster elements can be replicated in-kind or replaced with alternative materials. Depending on the condition of the existing lath, new plaster can be installed on it or it can be replaced. New plaster should be matched as closely as possible with the existing composition and system. Wholesale replacement of flat plaster is done when most of the plaster is severely damaged, or if the plaster support is significantly compromised. These cements were used for their increased strength, impact resistance, and fire-proofing properties. Portland cement plaster was also used, as well as specialty and proprietary types of plaster like Keene’s, Martin’s, and Parian cement. Gypsum plaster sets faster and harder but requires total protection from moisture. Lime plaster sets gradually and takes time to reach full hardness but can resist occasional moisture after fully cured. Gypsum plaster, consisting of gypsum, non-hydraulic lime, and sand became popular after. Lime plaster, consisting of non-hydraulic lime, sand, and hair was commonly used until the 19th century. Plaster is directly applied to rough masonry or to lath over furring or framework. Ornamental plastering is the art of creating decorative profiles and sculptural shapes in relief like cornices, moldings, and medallions. These plasters used a variety of recipes and additives like animal glue and pigments to augment properties like moldability, strength, color, and aesthetics.įlat or plain plastering is the application of 1 to 3 coats of plaster to create a smooth, neat finish. Specialty ornamental plasters like Scagliola and Composition Ornament flourished between the 17th and 19th centuries and were often created to imitate stone and carved woodwork. Ornamental elements are typically cast into molds and applied to an architectural surface after curing. Historically, plaster would serve as a surface finish or as a substrate for paint or wallpaper. In these applications, the material is applied wet and finished when hardened as an interior finish primarily for walls and ceilings. The most common constituents are gypsum, lime, or cement materials to form the matrix, blended with fine aggregates and fibers, depending on the application.įor flat and detailed surfaces like walls, ceilings and cornices, plaster is commonly mixed and formed onsite or pre-cast and installed. A variety of plaster types have been used throughout history, characterized by composition and application. F.Plaster is an interior finish that aids in noise reduction and fireproofing and can be an integral aspect of a historic interior. Depending on the application and required technology.Īpplication temperature Application temperatureĥ – 35 ☌, 10 – 75 % r. However, a wide variety of tools can also be used. 1.2 kg/m² for classic Marmorino (ARTmedium) ProcessingĬlassically by spatula/ Venetian putty with subsequent pressing and polishing. 0.7 kg/m² for classic stuccolustro (ARTfine)Īpprox. 1 mm for classic Marmorino (ARTmedium) ConsumptionĪpprox. 0.5 mm for classic Stuccolustro (ARTfine)Īpprox. Marble lime plaster (ARTfine, ARTmedium) ColoursĪll RAL and NCS colours possible Layer thicknessĪpprox.
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